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Saint Sarah
Saint Sarah, also known as ''Sara-la-Kali'' ("Sara the Black", ), is the patron saint of the Romani people. The center of her veneration is Saintes-Maries-de-la-Mer, a place of pilgrimage for Roma in the Camargue, in southern France. Legend identifies her as the servant of one of the Three Marys, with whom she is supposed to have arrived in the Camargue.〔Bart McDowell, ''Gypsies: Wanderers of the World'', pp. 38-57.〕
==Accounts==
According to various legends, during a persecution of early Christians, commonly placed in the year 42, Lazarus, his sisters Mary and Martha, Mary Salome (the mother of the Apostles John and James), Mary Jacobe and Maximin were sent out to sea in a boat. They arrived safely on the southern shore of Gaul at the place later called Saintes-Maries-de-la-Mer. In some accounts Sarah, a native of Upper Egypt, appears as the black Egyptian maid of one of the ''Three Marys'', usually Mary Jacobe.〔Michal Droit, ''Carmague'', p. 19.〕
Though the tradition of the ''Three Marys'' arriving in France stems from the high Middle Ages, appearing for instance in the 13th century ''Golden Legend'', Saint Sarah makes her first appearance in Vincent Philippon's book ''The Legend of the Saintes-Maries'' (1521), where she is portrayed as "a charitable woman that helped people by collecting alms, which led to the popular belief that she was a Gypsy." Subsequently, Sarah was adopted by Romani as their saint.〔(Rossi, Safron. "Myth 101 – Saint Sarah", Opus Archives and Research Center, February 15, 2011 )〕
Another account has Sarah welcoming the ''Three Marys'' into Gaul. Franz de Ville (1956) writes:
One of our people who received the first Revelation was Sara the Kali. She was of noble birth and was chief of her tribe on the banks of the Rhône. She knew the secrets that had been transmitted to her... The Rom at that period practiced a polytheistic religion, and once a year they took out on their shoulders the statue of Ishtari (Astarte) and went into the sea to receive benediction there. One day Sara had visions which informed her that the Saints who had been present at the death of Jesus would come, and that she must help them. Sara saw them arrive in a boat. The sea was rough, and the boat threatened to founder. Mary Salome threw her cloak on the waves and, using it as a raft, Sarah floated towards the Saints and helped them reach land by praying.〔Franz de Ville, ''Traditions of the Roma in Belgium''.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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